Rocky Mountain National Park, located in northern Colorado, showcases a range of diverse ecosystems due to its wide range of elevations, which span from 7,860 feet (2,395 meters) to over 14,259 feet (4,346 meters). The park's varied elevations support a variety of biomes. Keep on reading to learn more about the biomes at Rocky Mountain National Park
Montane Forest
The park's montane forest biome occurs between 5,600 and 9,500 feet and is characterized by ponderosa pine and Douglas fir trees, along with a variety of shrubs, grasses, and wildflowers. It provides habitat for animals such as mule deer, black bears, and numerous bird species.
Subalpine Forest
Located between 9,000 and 11,000 feet, the subalpine forest biome features Engelmann spruce, subalpine fir trees, and dense undergrowth. This biome is home to wildlife like elk, moose, and Clark's nutcracker birds.
Alpine Tundra
Above 11,000 feet, the alpine tundra biome consists of low-growing plants such as mosses, lichens, and hardy wildflowers, which have adapted to the extreme conditions. The tundra supports specialized species like pika, ptarmigan, and bighorn sheep.
Riparian Zones
These areas are found along the park's streams and rivers and support a rich assembly of willows, alders, and water-loving plants. They provide crucial habitat for species including beavers, salamanders, and various aquatic insects.
Montane Meadow
The montane meadow biome, typically located between 8,000 and 10,000 feet, is characterized by open, grassy areas with wildflowers and small shrubs. These areas are rich in biodiversity and attract a variety of pollinators, small mammals, and birds.
Pinyon-Juniper Woodlands
Found at lower elevations on the park's eastern edge, this biome is composed of pinyon pine and juniper trees. It supports species like the pinyon jay and mule deer.